Kafka - File Streaming

This sample demonstrates how to deal with raw binary contents and large messages, to transfer some files through Kafka.

Producer

The producer exposes two REST API that receive the path of a local file to be streamed. The second API uses a custom BinaryMessage to forward further metadata (the file name in this example).

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Silverback.Configuration;
using Silverback.Messaging.Configuration;

namespace Silverback.Samples.Kafka.BinaryFileStreaming.Producer;

public class Startup
{
    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        // Enable Silverback
        services.AddSilverback()

            // Use Apache Kafka as message broker
            .WithConnectionToMessageBroker(options => options.AddKafka())

            // Delegate the broker clients configuration to a separate class
            .AddBrokerClientsConfigurator<BrokerClientsConfigurator>();

        // Add API controllers and SwaggerGen
        services.AddControllers();
        services.AddSwaggerGen();
    }

    public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app)
    {
        // Enable middlewares to serve generated Swagger JSON and UI
        app.UseSwagger().UseSwaggerUI(
            uiOptions =>
            {
                uiOptions.SwaggerEndpoint(
                    "/swagger/v1/swagger.json",
                    $"{GetType().Assembly.FullName} API");
            });

        // Enable routing and endpoints for controllers
        app.UseRouting();
        app.UseEndpoints(endpoints => { endpoints.MapControllers(); });
    }
}

using Silverback.Messaging.Configuration;
using Silverback.Messaging.Messages;

namespace Silverback.Samples.Kafka.BinaryFileStreaming.Producer;

public class BrokerClientsConfigurator : IBrokerClientsConfigurator
{
    public void Configure(BrokerClientsConfigurationBuilder builder)
    {
        builder
            .AddKafkaClients(
                clients => clients

                    // The bootstrap server address is needed to connect
                    .WithBootstrapServers("PLAINTEXT://localhost:19092")

                    // Add a producer
                    .AddProducer(
                        producer => producer

                            // Produce the binary files to the
                            // samples-binary-file-streaming topic.
                            //
                            // Force producing to a specific partition (0 in this
                            // case) to be able to scale to multiple producers
                            // writing to the same topic. Assigning a different
                            // partition to each one will ensure that the chunks
                            // are always contiguous.
                            // This isn't mandatory and necessary only when
                            // horizontally scaling the producer.
                            // (In the final solution the "0" constant value
                            // should be replaced by a configuration setting.)
                            .Produce<BinaryMessage>(
                                endpoint => endpoint
                                    .ProduceTo("samples-binary-file-streaming", 0)

                                    // Split the binary files into chunks of 512 kB
                                    .EnableChunking(524288))));
    }
}

using Silverback.Messaging.Messages;

namespace Silverback.Samples.Kafka.BinaryFileStreaming.Producer.Messages;

public class CustomBinaryMessage : BinaryMessage
{
    [Header("x-filename")]
    public string? Filename { get; set; }
}

using System.IO;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Silverback.Messaging.Messages;
using Silverback.Messaging.Publishing;
using Silverback.Samples.Kafka.BinaryFileStreaming.Producer.Messages;

namespace Silverback.Samples.Kafka.BinaryFileStreaming.Producer.Controllers;

[ApiController]
[Route("[controller]")]
public class ProducerController : ControllerBase
{
    private readonly IPublisher _publisher;

    public ProducerController(IPublisher publisher)
    {
        _publisher = publisher;
    }

    [HttpPost("binary-file")]
    public async Task<IActionResult> ProduceBinaryFileAsync(
        string filePath,
        string? contentType)
    {
        // Open specified file stream
        await using FileStream fileStream = System.IO.File.OpenRead(filePath);

        // Create a BinaryMessage that wraps the file stream
        BinaryMessage binaryMessage = new(fileStream);

        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(contentType))
            binaryMessage.ContentType = contentType;

        // Publish the BinaryMessage that will be routed to the outbound
        // endpoint. The FileStream will be read and produced chunk by chunk,
        // without the entire file being loaded into memory.
        await _publisher.PublishAsync(binaryMessage);

        return NoContent();
    }

    [HttpPost("custom-binary-file")]
    public async Task<IActionResult> ProduceBinaryFileWithCustomHeadersAsync(
        string filePath,
        string? contentType)
    {
        // Open specified file stream
        await using FileStream fileStream = System.IO.File.OpenRead(filePath);

        // Create a CustomBinaryMessage that wraps the file stream. The
        // CustomBinaryMessage extends the BinaryMessage adding an extra
        // Filename property that is also exported as header.
        CustomBinaryMessage binaryMessage = new()
        {
            Content = fileStream,
            Filename = Path.GetFileName(filePath)
        };

        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(contentType))
            binaryMessage.ContentType = contentType;

        // Publish the BinaryMessage that will be routed to the outbound
        // endpoint. The FileStream will be read and produced chunk by chunk,
        // without the entire file being loaded into memory.
        await _publisher.PublishAsync(binaryMessage);

        return NoContent();
    }
}

Full source code: https://github.com/BEagle1984/silverback/tree/master/samples/Kafka/BinaryFileStreaming.Producer

Consumer

The consumer simply streams the file to a temporary folder in the local file system.

using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Silverback.Configuration;
using Silverback.Messaging.Configuration;
using Silverback.Samples.Kafka.BinaryFileStreaming.Consumer.Subscribers;

namespace Silverback.Samples.Kafka.BinaryFileStreaming.Consumer;

public class Startup
{
    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        // Enable Silverback
        services.AddSilverback()

            // Use Apache Kafka as message broker
            .WithConnectionToMessageBroker(options => options.AddKafka())

            // Delegate the broker clients configuration to a separate class
            .AddBrokerClientsConfigurator<BrokerClientsConfigurator>()

            // Register the subscribers
            .AddSingletonSubscriber<BinaryFileSubscriber>();
    }

    public void Configure()
    {
    }
}

using Silverback.Messaging.Configuration;
using Silverback.Samples.Kafka.BinaryFileStreaming.Consumer.Messages;

namespace Silverback.Samples.Kafka.BinaryFileStreaming.Consumer;

public class BrokerClientsConfigurator : IBrokerClientsConfigurator
{
    public void Configure(BrokerClientsConfigurationBuilder builder)
    {
        builder
            .AddKafkaClients(
                clients => clients

                    // The bootstrap server address is needed to connect
                    .WithBootstrapServers("PLAINTEXT://localhost:19092")

                    // Add a consumer
                    .AddConsumer(
                        consumer => consumer

                            // Set the consumer group id
                            .WithGroupId("sample-consumer")

                            // AutoOffsetReset.Earliest means that the consumer
                            // must start consuming from the beginning of the topic,
                            // if no offset was stored for this consumer group
                            .AutoResetOffsetToEarliest()

                            // Consume the CustomBinaryMessage from the
                            // samples-binary-file-streaming topic.
                            //
                            // A CustomBinaryMessage is used instead of the built-in
                            // BinaryMessage to be able to add the extra header
                            // containing the file name.
                            //
                            // Since the CustomBinaryMessage extends the built-in
                            // BinaryMessage, the serializer will be automatically
                            // switched to the BinaryMessageSerializer.
                            .Consume<CustomBinaryMessage>(
                                endpoint => endpoint

                                    // Manually assign the partitions to prevent the
                                    // broker to rebalance in the middle of a
                                    // potentially huge sequence of chunks. This is
                                    // just an optimization and isn't strictly
                                    // necessary.
                                    // (The partitions resolver function returns the
                                    // untouched collection to assign all available
                                    // partitions.)
                                    .ConsumeFrom(
                                        "samples-binary-file-streaming",
                                        partitions => partitions)

                                    // Retry each chunks sequence 5 times in case of an
                                    // exception
                                    .OnError(policy => policy.Retry(5)))));
    }
}

using Silverback.Messaging.Messages;

namespace Silverback.Samples.Kafka.BinaryFileStreaming.Consumer.Messages;

public class CustomBinaryMessage : BinaryMessage
{
    [Header("x-filename")]
    public string? Filename { get; set; }
}

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Silverback.Samples.Kafka.BinaryFileStreaming.Consumer.Messages;

namespace Silverback.Samples.Kafka.BinaryFileStreaming.Consumer.Subscribers;

public class BinaryFileSubscriber
{
    private const string OutputPath = "../../temp";

    private readonly ILogger<BinaryFileSubscriber> _logger;

    public BinaryFileSubscriber(ILogger<BinaryFileSubscriber> logger)
    {
        _logger = logger;
    }

    public async Task OnBinaryMessageReceivedAsync(CustomBinaryMessage binaryMessage)
    {
        EnsureTargetFolderExists();

        string filename = Guid.NewGuid().ToString("N") + binaryMessage.Filename;

        _logger.LogInformation("Saving binary file as {Filename}...", filename);

        // Create a FileStream to save the file
        using FileStream fileStream =
            File.OpenWrite(Path.Combine(OutputPath, filename));

        if (binaryMessage.Content != null)
        {
            // Asynchronously copy the message content to the FileStream.
            // The message chunks are streamed directly and the entire file is
            // never loaded into memory.
            await binaryMessage.Content.CopyToAsync(fileStream);
        }

        _logger.LogInformation(
            "Written {FileStreamLength} bytes into {Filename}",
            fileStream.Length,
            filename);
    }

    private static void EnsureTargetFolderExists()
    {
        if (!Directory.Exists(OutputPath))
            Directory.CreateDirectory(OutputPath);
    }
}

Full source code: https://github.com/BEagle1984/silverback/tree/master/samples/Kafka/BinaryFileStreaming.Consumer

Table of Contents

Kafka - File Streaming

Producer

Consumer